高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：不應(yīng)依賴(lài)中文意思辨別詞語(yǔ)
復(fù)習(xí)：不應(yīng)依賴(lài)中文意思辨別詞語(yǔ))
先請(qǐng)同學(xué)們看看下面兩個(gè)選擇題：
1.— Ow! I’ve burnt myself!
— How did you do that?
— I ________ a hot pot.
A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held
2. —______the car seat.It's wet.
—Thank you for telling me.
A.Touch B.Feel C.Hand D.Sense.
第一段對(duì)話(huà)：
——哎喲，我燙著了！
——怎么弄的？
——我摸了熱壺了。
第二段對(duì)話(huà)：
——摸一下車(chē)座，是濕的。
——謝謝你告訴我。
這兩段對(duì)話(huà)中，需要你填的詞是中文的“摸”，選項(xiàng)里touch和feel都有“摸”的意思，但在不同的語(yǔ)境中，應(yīng)當(dāng)分別選用哪一個(gè)呢？怎樣正確辨別呢？
回答這樣的選擇題，同學(xué)們常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤是“想中文”，可是中文同一個(gè)詞會(huì)對(duì)應(yīng)不同的英文詞，這完全取決于搭配結(jié)構(gòu)是什么樣。因此，出現(xiàn)不知如何選擇和選不準(zhǔn)的情況，要學(xué)會(huì)“放棄中文”，而借助英文釋義和例句，揣摩詞在不同語(yǔ)境下的用法。
不過(guò)，大家在翻閱英文釋義的時(shí)候，也可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有“不靠譜”的情況，就是詞之間相互解釋。在郎文詞典中就有touch做FEEL解，而feel又做TOUCH解的情況，但要留心其解釋的具體含義。
如touch：[transitive]to put your hand, finger etc on someone or something(把手、手指等放在人和物上)例如：
Mrs. Smith bent down to touch her feet to see if her body was still flexible.
If your apartment has been burgled, you shouldn't touch anything until the police arrive.
Don't touch the exhibits on show.
而feel：[transitive] to touch something with your fingers to find out about it(用手指摸東西來(lái)看看是什么)例如：
Mrs. Brown felt her son’s forehead. Perhaps he had a temperature, she thought.
Mum, feel the cloth. Isn't it soft?
從上面的釋義不難看出，開(kāi)始的兩個(gè)題目中touch和feel的區(qū)別是，touch是動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)碰”，而feel是個(gè)過(guò)程動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)“覺(jué)出”。因此，上面兩個(gè)題目的答案分別是A和B。你同時(shí)還可以想象一下，如果將兩個(gè)詞選擇顛倒，那會(huì)是什么樣的情景？
下面請(qǐng)你不妨借著剛剛學(xué)的這兩個(gè)詞的感覺(jué)，試著給下面的兩個(gè)空做一下選擇：
1.The passengers watched sympathetically as the woman made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the bus driver and 1 the seat which the driver had told her was empty. Then she settled in.
A.felt B.touched C.spotted D.took
2.Lang Lang decided that he didn’t want to be a pianist any more after his piano teacher in Beijing told him that he could not make it. For the next two weeks he didn’t 2 the piano.
A.felt B.touched C.spotted D.took
在高考試卷單項(xiàng)選擇和完形填空里，多少都會(huì)碰到辨析同義詞的題目。辨別時(shí)首先要準(zhǔn)確掌握詞的英文釋義和適用范圍；其次，在每一個(gè)詞上要有足夠的例句積累，這樣才能有很好的知識(shí)遷移，敏銳地發(fā)現(xiàn)詞與詞之間的區(qū)別。
例如，我們?cè)诒磉_(dá)“看，看見(jiàn)”，“找，找見(jiàn)”時(shí)，就分別有兩組詞：look at，see和look for，find，我們會(huì)將look at和look for歸在動(dòng)作類(lèi)，而將see和find歸在結(jié)果類(lèi)。這樣就使詞的區(qū)別一目了然。
�。ㄉ厦鎯蓚�(gè)題的答案分別是A和B。)
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