1.過去分詞作定語、表語

　　1.1.作定語

　　1.1.1.所表示意義

　　1.1.1.1.He is a teacher loved by his students

　　1.1.1.2.The wind suept the fallen leaces

　　1.1.1.3.Her daughter brought up by me has begun to work

　　1.1.2.位置

　　1.1.2.1.單個前置、屬特殊情況外(the time left，the people concerned)

　　1.1.2.2.短語后置

　　1.1.3.三種形式

　　1.1.3.1.The bridge constructed ten years ago is under repair now

　　1.1.3.2.The bridge being constructed now will link the village to that town

　　1.1.3.3.The bridge to be constructed next year will be of great importance

　　1.2.作表語

　　1.2.1.常見系動詞：

　　be/get/feel/remain/seem/look/become/turn等，表狀態(tài)

　　1.2.1.1.Form now on I will not be discouraged in the face of failure

　　1.2.2.過去分詞作表語與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別

　　1.2.2.1.The window is broken

　　1.2.2.2.The window was broken by Tom

　　1.2.2.3.We are seated(seat) in the classroom waiting for our new teacher to turn up

　　1.2.3.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別

　　1.2.3.1.Hie words were discouraged(discourage),which made many people discouraged(discourage)

　　1.2.3.2.The man standing there looks frightened and the little boy is frightened(frighten)

　　1.2.3.3.The puzzled look on her face suggested that she was puzzled(puzzle)

　　1.3.Only

　　1.3.1.Only then did he realize he was weong

　　1.3.2.Only in this way can you finish it well

　　1.3.3.Only when he arrived home did he realize what had happened

　　1.3.4.only+adv/介詞短語/狀語從句，放在句首以示強調(diào)時，主句要用部分倒裝(一般疑問句)

　　1.4.With

　　1.4.1.with the door open-adj

　　1.4.2.with the book in my hand-介詞短語

　　1.4.3.with the teacher in-adv

　　1.4.4.with a baby sleeping in her arms-doing(主動.進(jìn)行)

　　1.4.5.with so much homework to do-to do(尚未發(fā)生)

　　1.4.6.with the building constructed-done(被動完成)

　　2.倒裝

　　2.1.全部倒裝

　　2.1.1.以here、there、now、then等副詞開頭，謂語v是be、come、go、lie、run等，而主語又是名詞時，用全部倒裝

　　2.1.1.1.There gose the bell 鈴響了

　　2.1.2.表示運動方向的副詞，如out、in、up、down、away等置于句首，謂語表運動的v時，主語是n

　　2.1.2.1.Away went my father 我父親離開了

　　2.1.3.表地點的介詞短語放句首進(jìn)行強調(diào)時

　　2.1.3.1.In the distance lies a car 遠(yuǎn)處有一輛轎車

　　2.1.4.當(dāng)句子主語部分較長，謂語部分較短(表語+系動詞+主語)

　　2.1.4.1.Gone are the days 日子一去不復(fù)返了

　　2.1.5.There be句型屬于完全倒裝，其中be v.可用stand、live、exist等代替

　　2.1.5.1.There stands a tower on the top of the mountain 山頂上有座塔

　　2.2.部分倒裝

　　2.2.1.so或neither，nor放在句首，表示前面說話的情況也適用于另一個人，即“...也(也不)這樣”，如此句子用部分倒裝，so+助動詞+主語;neither/nor+助動詞+主語

　　2.2.1.1.If you won't go,neither will I

　　2.2.2.never/no/seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely/little/nowhere/by no means/in no way/at no time等表示否定意義的副詞或介詞短語置于句首時，用部分倒裝

　　2.2.2.1.Hardly could she believe her own eyes

　　2.2.3.not only/but(also).../neither...nor...連接并列句子且位于句首，not only/neither和nor后面的句子部分倒裝，但but(also)后不倒裝

　　2.2.3.1.Not only do I know her,but I an also her friend

　　2.2.4.only+副詞/介詞短語位于句首時，用部分倒裝，only+狀從位于句首時，主句用半倒

　　2.2.4.1.Only then did I know the truth

　　3.it的用法

　　3.1.代詞

　　3.1.1.天氣 it is cold now

　　3.1.2.時間 it's 5:05

　　3.1.3.距離 it's 2km be from my home to school

　　3.1.4.動物、事物 look at the dog,and it's so cute

　　3.1.5.特殊的人Who is koncking at the door?--It's me

　　3.2.形式主語

　　3.2.1.It's adj+to do/that...

　　3.2.2.It's a +n+to do/that...

　　3.2.3.It's adj/n+doing

　　3.2.4.It's done to do/that...

　　3.2.5.It's takes somebody/sometime to do somenthing

　　3.3.形式賓語

　　3.3.1.make/find/think/consider/suppose/ it+to do /doing/that...

　　3.3.2.某些固定搭配：

　　like/enjoy/prefer/appreciate.distake/hate/take/have/owe+it when/if從句

　　4.虛擬語氣

　　4.1.從句：現(xiàn)在(did/were)將來(did、were/should do/were to do)過去(had done)

　　4.2.主句：現(xiàn)在(should、would do/might、could+do)將來(should、would、might、could+do)過去(should、would、might、could+have done)

　　4.3.含蓄虛擬

　　4.3.1.without.../but for.../otherwise...+would+(not)do/have done)

　　4.3.2.wish:現(xiàn)在(did、were)過去(have done)將來(would、might、could+do)

　　4.3.3.would rather：現(xiàn)在/將來(did、were)過去(had done)

　　4.4.If從句虛擬

　　4.4.1.If the weather were fine now,we would have a picnic(現(xiàn)在)

　　4.4.2.If it should snow tomorrow,we would go out(將來)

　　4.4.3.If you had taken my advice,you would not have such a mistake(過去)

　　4.5.下列動詞后可用虛擬：should+do(現(xiàn)在/將來)should+be done(過去)

　　4.5.1.堅持 insist

　　4.5.2.命令 command、order

　　4.5.3.建議 suggest、advice、propose

　　4.5.4.要求 ask、require、request、demand

　　4.5.5.其所屬的名詞形式、形容詞形式也用虛擬語氣，同樣遵循其原則

　　4.6.虛擬語氣在名詞性從句的應(yīng)用

　　4.6.1.It's a pity/a shame/no wonder that(should) do

　　4.6.2.It's strange/natural/necessary/important/impossible that (should) do

　　4.6.3.It's desired/suggested/demanded/required that (should)...

　　4.7.It's high/about time that+did 過去/should 現(xiàn)在將來

　　4.8.as if/though+had done過去/did、were現(xiàn)在/would do將來

　　4.9.If only +had done過去/did、were現(xiàn)在/would do將來

　　4.10.省略if：在虛擬條件句中，had/were/should等助動詞，可將其提至句首變?yōu)榈寡b句

　　4.11.特殊情況

　　4.11.1.If you had listened to the doctor,you would be all right now時間錯綜虛擬

　　4.11.2.The old lady wasn't told the sad news,or she would have broken down真實虛擬

　　4.11.3.The manager put forword a suggestion that we had an assistant省略If虛擬

本站(databaseit.com)部分圖文轉(zhuǎn)自網(wǎng)絡(luò),刊登本文僅為傳播信息之用，絕不代表贊同其觀點或擔(dān)保其真實性。若有來源標(biāo)注錯誤或侵犯了您的合法權(quán)益，請作者持權(quán)屬證明與本網(wǎng)聯(lián)系(底部郵箱)，我們將及時更正、刪除，謝謝